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The relief structure is quite developed and diverse. It consists of mountains, hills, plateaus, ravines, river valleys and other smaller relief forms. The territory belongs to two geographical entities: the Rodopians and the Sar Mountain area.  On the other hand the
Rodopian mountains are divided into three geographical entities: East Vardar group of
mountains and ravines, the low part of Macedonia (Povardarie) and Western Vardar group of
mountains and valleys. Most of the area (75%) is mountain relief. 45 mountain peaks are
above 2000m. The highest peak is Golem Korab, 2,764m above sea level. 15 ravines (18%) are
located in the plain relief. Most of them are located in the river Vardar Valley, but the
largest ravine is Pelagonia whose plain takes up an area of 1,570 km2. The
lowest point is at the spot where the river Vardar leaves our country and is 44 metres
above sea level.
Due to the geographical position and relief, the territory of Macedonia is under the strong influence of several types of climate: the Mediteranian climate penetrates from the South and West, the western winds pervade from the West, while the continental climate enters from the North and North-east. As a result, the territory of the Republic of Macedonia has three different types of climate: altered Mediteranian, Mountain and moderate-continental climate.
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 The flora in Macedonia
is a mosaic of many different kinds of growing communities. Macedonia is a real crossroads
of borders of many different kinds of plants. From a bio-geographical point of view, our
country belongs to the Aegean province from the Mediteranian region, to the Mezisic
province from the Eurosybirean - North American region and the Alps - Nordic region. Oak
and beech forests are predominent, followed by other types of forests. |
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| The animal community is divided into four parts: animals living in the ravines and river valleys, in the aok forest region up to 1,100 metres high, in beech forest region and in the region of high mountain pastures. Thus, the following geographical classification can apply to the Republic of Macedonia:
Visit our site concerning the environment in general The State of the Environment of the Republic of Macedonia |
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Copyright© The environment of the
Republic of Macedonia |
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The Republic of Macedonia is located in Southern Europe,
between 400 50' and 420 20' northern latitude and 200 27'
and 230 0.5' eastern longitude. Macedonia takes up the central part of the
Balkan Peninsula with area of 25,713 km2.
Rodopian Mountain Area:
Mountains