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Introduction

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Land Erosion

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ovci.jpg (23787 bytes)The pastures are spread out and take up about 634,000 hectares, however the yields are much lower, in average only about 270 kg/ha (the yields can be 800 kg/ha). The low yields indicate that the best use for this land would be forest. The poor management with arable land, pasture management and the degrading of forests caused erosion to a large part of the land. About 38% of the land is considered significantly eroded. The average loss of land per annum is about 17 million m3 of which about 7.5 million m3 of deposited material is carried outside Macedonia through the rivers. Hence, the economic loss due to erosion is enormous. Erosion takes away the most fertile land, thus the average annual loss of land is about 308,000 m3.
 

nivi.jpg (22939 bytes)Therefore, protective measures for rivers and water accumulations should be introduced. Such measures were in 1945 and regulations for goat and sheep-breeding were drafted. That was when some of the forests and hills were rivived. Another measure is forestration of barren land. A total of 160,360 hectares have been forestrated, and the erosion process has been partly prevented.

 

The situation per category erosion is the following:

  • category 687.96 km2 or 2.77%
  • category 1,832.41 km2 or 7.38%
  • category 8,893.25 km2 or 27.78%
  • category 7,936.08 km2 or 31.98%
  • category 7,463.47 km2 or 30.09%

Thus, 36.65% of the territory of the Republic of Macedonia has been affected by erosion (1-3 categories).
 

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