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Macedonia between the Two World Wars

Under the influence of the October Revolution, the socialist organizations in Skopje, Veles, Bitola were renewed. The activity of the Communist Party strengthened also, preparing itself for a revolutionary reorganization of Yugoslavia as a soviet republic. There were two Great-Serbian bourgeoisic parties in Macedonia -The Radical and The Democratic. But, the communists won in Skopje, Veles, Kumanovo and Kavadartsi on the elections in 1920. On the elections for the Constitutional Assembly of Yugoslavia, from Macedonia, the CP got most of the voices. The communist members of the Parliament refused to take oat before the King Karadjordje at the beginning of the work of the Constitutional Assembly in Belgrade (12.12.192O), and, on December 30, l920, the CPY acclaimed the law with an act of the Announcement. On June 28,l921, the Vidovdenski Constitution, by which the Kingdom of SHS was promoted as centralistic state with the hegemony of the Serbs, the Croatians and the Slovenians, was announced. The Vardar Macedonia was subjected to an intensive colonizing with a Serbian population. The activity of the vrhovists-supremacists elements of the IMRO had empowered also. Gjorche Petrov, Dimo Hadji Dimo, Petar Pop Arsov organized a Temporary representative of the former United Internal Revolutionary Organization, pleading for autonomy of Macedonia and for its existence in a federal state. But, after the killing of Gjorche Petrov, on June 6, l921, the Temporary representation collapsed and Todor Aleksandrov, Aleksandar Protogjerov and Vancho Mihajlov formed organizations of IMRO in Bulgaria, which entered the Yugoslav part of Macedonia and made terrors and attentats. The government immediately formed military-chetnic organization with a residence in Shtip, governed by the vojvodata (duke)Kosta Pekjanats who had unlimited power. The population was put under great terror. For only one year (1922-1923) there were 63 attentats. The population was robbed, maltreated and killed by the comities of Mihajlov and the Yugoslav power, and also by the paramilitary organizations. King Aleksandar Karadjordjevich suspended the constitution and dismissed the Assembly on January 6, l929. Such an absolutistic-dictator regime in Macedonia made nonexistence of the national remarks and brought the greater state nationalism and the doctrine of " United Yugoslav Nation ". On October 3,1931, the king gave a, so-called, Octroisan (or gifted) constitution by which he had the right to form an appropriate government for his needs, but not for the needs of the two-house Assembly. The role of the CPY was growing gradually, especially with the appearance of Josip Broz Tito as an secretary of the organization. In 1936, the MANAPO movement (Macedonian peoples movement) was founded in Macedonia and it fought for national liberation of the Macedonian people, but in the federal state. On the parliamentarian elections in 1938, MANAPO did not have its candidates, because of the government's bans.