In accordance with the Treaty of Varkiza (1945), the Macedonian name and language were forbidden again in the Aegean part of Macedonia. The national and cultural aquirements in the War of National Liberation were negated. The Greek authorities started to exert pressure and to resort terror to supress the Macedonian people and to enforce it to emigrate. The Macedonians oppressed this policy preserving their national identity and establishing national organizations that were at the head of the struggle (The Temporary Political Commission, National Liberation Front, National Liberation Youth League, Antifascist Women’s Front and the others).

The clash between the left and the right forces in Greece culminated during the Civil War (1946-1949), in which the Macedonians from the Aegean part of Macedonia participated in mass. Out of 35.000 soldiers of DAG in total, 15.000 participants were Macedonians. Their legendary heroism shown in the battles of Vicho and Gramos enforced KPG an the HQ General of DAG too recognize the national rights of the Macedonians (1947).

During the Civil War the Macedonians organized courses for Macedonian teachers, 87 Macedonian schools were opened including 100.000 pupils, the newspapers in Macedonian were published ("Nepokoren", "Zora", "Edinstvo", "Borec"), the cultural and artistic associations were created.

The defeat of DAG (1949) resulted in terrible consequences for the Macedonians considering the ethnic and political aspect. 30.000 Macedonians, thousands of children among them, were expelled from Greece into the People’s Republic of Macedonia and the Eastern-European countries. About 20.000 Macedonians sacrified the lifes for the liberty of their people. A great nuimber of the Macedonian villages were levelled to ground. At their place the Greek population was colonized by the Greek authorities.

The years following 1949, the Macedonian name, language and song were forbidden and the Macedonians were persecuted by the Greek authorities. So, the Macedonian language, spoken in families, became the language os secondary importance. The Macedonians who emigrated were forbidden the return back to the state, the visit to the native homes and their property right was neglected.

After 1974 the policy on denationalization has met the terrible resistance among the population. The Macedonian language has been freely spoken in everyday communication and folklore as an express of the Macedonian national affiliation. Since 1984, the following organizations have been acting: The Organization on human and national rights protection of the Macedonians from the Aegean part of Macedonia, main office in Salonica, the organization "The Rainbow" and some others which have been asking from the international factors and the Greek government legalization of the national and political rights of the Macedonians in Greece.

During the period of gaining independence of the Republic of Macedonia in 1991/92, the Macedonian name the national identity and the legitimacy of the Macedonian nation have been contested by the Greek government. According to the Provisional Agreement made between the Republic of Macedonia and the Republic of Greece from 1995, the Greek government has recognized the independence and the territorial integrity of Macedonia starting the process of normalization concerning the bilateral relations, active economic, cultural and other cooperation.