The cultural and the educational activity was involved into the life and struggle of the participants in the War of National Liberation. At the same time the Macedonian military and political leaders were concerned about cherishing of the Macedonian language and culture. The whole correspondence was carried out in Macedonian. The special propaganda agency was active at the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Macedonia , while at the Headquarters General were active the referees for schooling and religious questions. After the I Session of ASNOM, these functions were transferred under the competition of the Presidium of ASNOM and its Agency for Education. When the Macedonian language has been officialized, the conditions concerning the intensive organization and development of the cultural and educational activities have also been created in the liberated Macedonia.

In the autumn of 1943, the first schools in Macedonian have been opened in liberated Debarca and Kichevo District. The analphabetic courses have been organized within the military units. During the period of August 1944 – April 1945, the large network of primary and secondary schools in Macedonian and in the languages of the minorities, and analphabetic courses have been organized by the Presidium of ASNOM.

During the War of National Liberation special attention was payed to the publishing of newspapers, reviews and bulletins written and hectographed in Macedonian such as: "Dedo Ivan" ("Grandfather Ivan"), "Naroden bilten" ("Public Bulletin"), "Naroden glas" ("People's Voice") etc. A great number of regional newspapers were issued. "The Bulletin" was issued by the Headquarters General and the first review "Ilindenski pat" ("The Ilinden Road") was issued by joint collaboration with the Central Committee (CK) of the Communist Party of Macedonia (KPM). The Macedonian brigades and divisions issued their newspapers: "Bratstvo" ("Fraternity"), "Narodna borba" ("National Struggle"), "Naroden vojnik" ("Popular Soldier") and so on. In 1944 were issued "Mlad borec" ("Young Combatant"), "Nasha hronika" ("Our Chronicle"), "Makedonka" ("A Macedonian Woman") and since October 29, 1944 the daily newspaper " Nova Makedonija" ("The New Macedonia"). The newspapers "Birlik" ("Unity") in Turkish and "Flaka e vlazerimit" ("The Torch of the Fraternity") in Albanian were also issued.

The important contribution to the poetry was given by the poets Kocho Racin, Kole Nedelkovski, Venko Markovski, Aco Shopov, Volche Naumcheski, Slavko Janevski, Vlado Maleski etc. The partisan performances on the territory of Macedonia were enriched with revolutionary and folk songs and sketches.

During the War of National Liberation such painters as Lazar Lichenoski, Nikola Martinovski, Tomo Vladimirski, Dimo Todoroski, Borko Lazeski, Tode Ivanoski and the others have been continuing to create. The most eminent composers in the field of music were: Toma Proshev, Petar Bogdanov–Kochko and Todor Skalovski.